173. ¿Cómo se usa quite?

La principal confusión en torno a quite suele estar relacionada con los adjetivos y adverbios graduables y no graduables. Veamos dos ejemplos con adjetivos:

Finishing the job for Thursday is going to be quite difficult.

Finishing the job for Thursday is going to be quite impossible.

En el primer ejemplo, acabar el trabajo para el jueves va a ser, más o menos, ‘bastante difícil’. Lo de “más o menos” lo decimos por dos razones. En el inglés británico, cuando se usa quite con adjetivos graduables su significado es mucho más suave que en el inglés americano, en el que quite con adjetivos graduables se aproxima bastante a very. Además, el sentido de ‘bastante’ puede expresarse con fairly, quite y rather.

En la segunda frase, quite subraya el significado del adjetivo: nada puede ser más imposible que lo imposible. Así pues, en este caso quite tiene un significado parecido al de ‘totalmente’.

Veamos otros dos ejemplos en los que se sigue la misma lógica:

I’m quite full, but perhaps I could manage a dessert.

Sorry, I’m quite stuffed. I couldn’t eat another mouthful.

Lo mismo se aplica cuando aparece un sustantivo después de un adjetivo:

We had quite a nice day, but it’s good to be back home.

We had a quite perfect day – I didn’t want it to end.

No obstante, en una conversación muy rápida o en un discurso largo puede resultar un tanto complicado oír una palabra, valorar si es graduable o no y, finalmente, decidir qué papel desempeña quite en la oración, al menos si intentamos seguir lo que se está diciendo en ese momento sin perdernos. En cualquier caso, y por suerte para nosotros, el contexto y la entonación nos proporcionan señales mucho más útiles para orientarnos respecto a su significado.

En los tres grupos de ejemplos anteriores, lo que viene después del adjetivo es lo que nos dice si el significado de este está más próximo a ‘bastante’ o a ‘totalmente’. En los dos primeros ejemplos, la entonación (¿hasta qué punto resulta confiado el tono de la persona que habla?) es tan decisiva que incluso, si el hablante no usara palabras, tendríamos bastante claro qué probabilidades hay de que el jueves esté realmente listo el trabajo.

Hasta ahora todo parece sugerir que quite solo se usa con adjetivos y adverbios graduables y no graduables cuyos significados básicos se parecen, algo que sencillamente no es así. No obstante, la recomendación hecha anteriormente respecto a la relevancia del contexto y la entonación para captar el significado la podemos volver a hacer aquí.

En el inglés británico, las frases siguientes son ejemplos de quite utilizado con el significado de ‘bastante’:

She was speaking quite fast so I didn’t catch everything she said.

We come here quite often, don’t we? Maybe once or twice a month.

He’s quite different to his brother. I mean, he’s quite childish whereas Mark’s so serious.

It’s not the best restaurant in the world, but I quite like it.

Sin embargo, en estos otros ejemplos, quite significa ‘totalmente’ o ‘por completo’.

Quite honestly, I don’t care anymore. Do what you want.

I’m sorry! I quite forgot that it’s your birthday today. Happy Birthday!

There’s nothing quite like a nip of whisky to warm you up on a cold winter’s night.

You were quite right to complain. I’d have done the same.

First she says one thing, and then she does quite the opposite.

Quite también puede actuar como intensificador, un papel que ejerce normalmente con a bit, a lot (of) y a few. Y antes de un adjetivo comparativo es necesario utilizar a lot o a bit:

Wow! That was quite a match! 4-3 and the winning goal in the 90th minute.

There were quite a few people there, actually. I was surprised.

I’ve talked to her quite a bit now and she’s actually quite a lot nicer than I’d thought.

Not quite significa ‘no completamente’ o ‘no exactamente’:

My results weren’t quite as bad as I’d expected.

No, that’s not quite what I meant.

Not knowing quite what she was supposed to be doing, she tried to just look busy.

The chicken’s not quite cooked yet. Would you like some more wine?

PARA SABER MÁS

Sobre las diferencias entre fairly, quite y rather172.

Las 500 dudas más frecuentes del inglés
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