76. ¿Cuál es la opción más adecuada?: You’ve got more chance of getting the job. / You’ve got more possibilities of getting the job.

Estaríamos mintiendo si dijéramos que un hablante nativo de inglés no entendería la segunda oración. Es lo suficientemente sencilla para comprenderla. El problema es que ningún hablante inglés usaría la palabra possibilities en ese enunciado. La primera oración es, por tanto, la correcta:

Imagen 27 If you’ve got a degree, you’ve got more possibilities of getting a job.

Imagen 26 If you’ve got a degree, you’ve got more chance of getting a job.

La cuestión, aquí, reside en cómo se usan las palabras. Para hablar bien una segunda lengua es importante fijarse en las combinaciones de palabras, y las estructuras gramaticales en las que aparecen.

Para demostrar la idea, completa esta frase con la primera palabra que te venga a la mente:

Es que a mí me da _________

Es probable que te hayas decidido por igual, aunque alguien puede haberse decantado por la expresión lo mismo a pesar de que, estrictamente hablando, son dos palabras. Pero no es una coincidencia que alguien pensara en ello. Encaja de forma tan natural porque tu cerebro lo ha almacenado como un solo elemento (“me da lo mismo”). Podrías haberte decantado también por el uso de palabras como asco, pena, vergüenza, o pereza, pero es menos probable. Palabras como chocolate o aprensión también son gramaticalmente posibles, pero es muy raro que una de esas palabras sea la primera opción que te viene a la cabeza.

Aunque este ejemplo es bastante simple, muestra cómo funcionan las palabras en contextos relativamente predecibles para los hablantes nativos. Ocurre lo mismo con possibility y, de hecho, con todas las palabras.

En las siguientes frases los hablantes ingleses usarían siempre la palabra chance, en lugar de possibility:

I think they’ve got a great chance of doing well (creo que tienen muchas posibilidades de tener exito).

I’d like to know if I stand a chance with him (quiero saber si tengo posibilidades con él).

There’s little chance of finding more survivors (hay pocas posibilidades de encontrar más supervivientes).

Sin embargo, en las siguientes, lo más probable es que se usara possibility o el plural possibilities:

We won’t give up until we’ve explored all possibilities / every possibility.

They haven’t ruled out the possibility of raising taxes.

Just imagine the possibilities!

Es cierto que los angloparlantes usan chance cuando se habla de probabilidad en un sentido estricto, mientras que emplean possibility o possibilities cuando se habla de opciones o situaciones, aunque esta es una regla bastante difícil de recordar cuando se está hablando, al menos cuando se utiliza un lenguaje espontáneo.

Es mejor intentar aprender oraciones en lugar de palabras aisladas. Buscando en un buen diccionario, o en internet, pueden encontrarse todas las palabras que suelen aparecer acompañando a una determinada palabra. De modo que, para aprender la palabra chance, habría que anotar:

They have a good / a great / no / more / less / better / worse chance of getting a job / passing the exam / winning.

De esta forma, además de aprender la gramática a través del léxico, que es más eficiente, se empezará a relacionar y usar el vocabulario como un hablante nativo.

Las 500 dudas más frecuentes del inglés
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